बच्चे के जन्म के समय से ही होती है यह बीमारी , कहीं आपका बच्चा भी तो शिकार नहीं है इस डिसऑर्डर का
World Down Syndrome Day: इंटरनेशनल डाउन सिंड्रोम सोसायटी (एनडीएसएस) के अनुसार, अमेरिका जैसे विकसित देश में भी 700 बच्चों में से 1 बच्चा डाउन सिंड्रोम से पीड़ित होता है| इसके बारे में जागरूकता फैलाने के लिए World Down Syndrome Day मनाया जाता है। इसमें बच्चा मानसिक और शारीरिक विकारों से जूझता है| डाउन सिंड्रोम में बच्चा अपने 21वें गुणसूत्र की एक्स्ट्रा कॉपी के साथ पैदा होता है| इसे ट्राइसॉमी-2 भी कहा जाता है| यह एक जेनेटिक डिसऑर्डर (आनुवंशिक विकार) होता है| इससे बच्चे के शारीरिक विकास में देरी, चेहरे की विशेषताओं में फर्क और बौद्धिक विकास में देरी होती है| यह डिसऑर्डर बच्चे के साथ जीवन भर तक रहता है| अब विज्ञान इतना आगे बढ़ गया है कि इस डिसऑर्डर का पता मां के गर्भ में ही लगाया जा सकता है| आइए जानते है इस बीमारी के बारे में डिटेल्स में
कैसे होता है डाउन सिंड्रोम डिसऑर्डर
रिप्रोडक्शन (प्रजनन) के समय माता के (xx) और पिता के (xy) दोनों के क्रोमोसोम बच्चे में जाते हैं| इनमें से कुल 46 क्रोमोसोम में से 23 माता के और 23 पिता से बच्चे को मिलता है|जब माता-पिता दोनों के क्रोमोसोम आपस में मिलते हैं तो उनमें से 21वें क्रोमोसोम का डिविजन नहीं हो पाता है| जिस कारण 21वां क्रोमोसोम अपनी एक्स्ट्रा कॉपी बना देता है|यह एक्स्ट्रा क्रोमोसोम बच्चे में कई तरह के शारीरिक और मानसिक विकार करता है|
डाउन सिंड्रोम के लक्षण
इसके लक्षण आपको बच्चे में जन्म से ही देखने को मिलेंगे| जैसे :-सपाट चेहरा, छोटा सिर और कान, छोटी गर्दन होने का पैदाइशी डिसऑर्डर, उभरी हुई जीभ, आंखें जो ऊपर की ओर झुकी हों और असामान्य आकार के कान| आपको बताते चलें कि हर साल मार्च के 21वें दिन (वर्ष के तीसरे महीने) में डाउन सिंड्रोम डे मनाया जाता है। जानकारी की बात यह है कि संयुक्त राष्ट्र की महासभा ने 2012 से इसे प्रत्येक वर्ष मनाने का निर्णय लिया था| तब से यह डे हर साल मनाया जा रहा है|
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